Amid the bustling streets of downtown Amman stands one of the most impressive remnants of Jordan’s Roman past—the Amman Roman Theater. Carved into the hillside, this amphitheater has stood for nearly two millennia. It offers a glimpse into the days when Philadelphia (as Amman was once known) was an important city in the Roman Empire.
A Brief History of the Amman Roman Theater
The theater was constructed between 138 and 161 CE, during the reign of Emperor Antoninus Pius. This Emperor was known for fostering peace and cultural development. At the time, Amman was known as Philadelphia, named after Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt. The theater was designed in classic Roman style, accommodating up to 6,000 spectators. Seating was divided by social hierarchy—rulers and dignitaries in the front, military officers in the middle, and common citizens in the uppermost rows. There were even two VIP seats!
Like many Roman structures, the theater was built into a natural slope to enhance acoustics. It originally featured a shrine dedicated to Athena at its highest point, connecting its function as a performance space with religious significance.
Over the centuries, the theater fell into disrepair, buried beneath the shifting cityscape. It wasn’t until 1957 that a major restoration effort began, though not all elements were preserved with historical accuracy. Today, the theater remains a hub for cultural events, with performances still held on its ancient stage.
Our Visit to the Amman Roman Theater
Arriving at the site, my wife and I were immediately struck by its scale. The vast stone seating sections curved in a semicircle, rising steeply against the hillside. Though surrounded by modern Amman, stepping into the theater felt like traveling back in time. The amphitheater was nearly empty during our visit, allowing us to appreciate its grandeur in peaceful solitude.
We climbed the worn stone steps to the highest tier, rewarded with panoramic views of the city beyond the ruins. From this vantage point, we could truly appreciate the theater’s architectural precision. Sounds carry effortlessly from the stage to the uppermost seats. It was easy to imagine Roman citizens gathered here, watching performances and public speeches centuries ago.
Inside the complex, we explored the Jordan Folklore Museum and the Jordanian Museum of Popular Traditions, housed in the eastern and western wings of the theater. These small but fascinating collections showcased traditional Jordanian costumes, tools, and artifacts, offering deeper insight into the region’s cultural evolution.
Final Impressions
The Roman Theater in Amman is more than just an ancient ruin—it’s a testament to the enduring legacy of Roman architecture and culture in Jordan. Whether you’re a history enthusiast or simply seeking a unique experience in the heart of the city, it’s a must-visit site. Our visit left us with a profound appreciation for the civilizations that once thrived here. We gained appreciation for the efforts to preserve this magnificent structure for future generations. Don’t forget to stop by the smaller theater (The Odeon) next door!
For anyone visiting Amman, I highly recommend setting aside time to explore the Roman Theater. Take a moment to sit on the ancient stone steps, close your eyes, and imagine the echoes of history still lingering in the air.
